The Thailand confines North and to the West with the Myanmar (Birmania), to the Northeast with the Laos, Sud-Est with Cambodia and South with Malaysia. Its 2710 km of coasts are bathe to the West from the Mar of the Andamane (the Indian Ocean to you) and to East from the Gulf of the in its turn contiguous Siam to the Southern Chinese Mar.

The montuosi reliefs of the western part of the Country leave the place, as are come down towards south, to the pluviale forest , particularly driven in in the peninsula of Malacca. The Mekong river marks the border of the Thailand with the Laos while the Menam (Chao Phraya) collects coming from waters from the pedemontana zone in order then to finish in the Gulf of Thailand.

Main the ethnic group is that one thai (98.9%), followed from that Chinese (0.9%) and other minors (Cambodian, Indian, lao, Mon, malesiani and vietnamiti). More than 750.000 persons pertaining to 11 various tribali groups they live in the north of the Country; the more numerous tribe is that one of the Korens (300,000 persons approximately).
 

Poichè its territory is developed mainly in vertical sense embracing very 16° of latitude, the Thailandia probably has the climate more varied than all Asian Sud-Est. The climate of the Thailandia, in fact, is influenced from the monsoons that generate three seasons meteorological to the north, the east and the center, and two sun to the south.

We have therefore in all the Thailand it centers them, northern and it orients them one cold season so to speak (!) that November to January (but with dry always warm climate and fresh evenings goes from half ottobre/inizio, in exceptional cases with inferior temperatures also to the 15°C), a warm season that still goes from February to aprile/maggio (with temperatures also beyond 40°C and the high rate humidity but without rains) and a season of rains , with various characteristics to second of the various regions, that it begins to june in order to finish to advanced October.

In the southern zones a true one does not exist and own cold season poichè is passed endured from that one of rains to that warmth from the moment that the monsoon that blows on the regions that show oneself on the Mar of the Andamane make yes that the rains finish a pair of months after regarding the rest of the Country (november/metà December).

For several reasons legacies to the location of the indocinese peninsula, many microclimates exist in various regions of the Thailandia that they differentiate to them from the general context before described: as an example, to Ko Samui (particularly exposed island to twenty of tifonica origin in the months of ottobre/novembre) in the first months of the year makes however much warmth but above all dies strong twenty that render always rather moved and little limpid the sea, in the spiagge that it gives on the Southern Chinese Mar.
 

The Italian tourists must put ahead the clock of 6 hours at the moment of their arrival in Thailandia (when in Italy are the 12 in Thailandia are the 18), of 5 hours during the period in which it is in vigor the standard time.
 

Official language of the Thailandia is the language thai, while in some zones it speaks also to the Chinese and the malese. Diffused wide spoken English above all to Bangkok and in the tourist localities where it is not rare to find personal premises that it speaks a little Italian.

 

The official religion is the Buddhist Theravada , professato they give approximately 95% of the introduced population and in the Country in the 329 a.C. The Buddhismo exercises one strongly infuence in the daily life of the thailandese people and the monaci they are respected figures a lot. In Thailandia there is but a great religious tolerance that allows the pacific cohabitation of other faiths like islamismo (4%), the Christianity (1%) and the induismo.
 

The Thailand, known until 1939 like Siam , has one long history: it turns out in fact that it goes it them of the Maekhong and the plateau of the Khorat was already very inhabits 10,000 years ago from people a lot to you evoluto that addiritttura could have originated the several Asian etnie.

Between the WAYS and the XIII sec. d.C. the entire region came re-united under the infuence of the reign khmer of Angkor , then rejected in puts into effect them Cambodia from the Thai principles giving life to the period of gold called "Sukhothai" (1238 d.C.), followed from the period of Ayuthaya during which the economy endured a strong impulse thanks to the contacts with the Portuguese merchants, Dutch, English, Danish and French who made their appearance in the Siam between years 1605 and 1662. In 1782 it salted to the power Chao Phaya Chakri with the title it of Rama that it carried the understood one them to Bangkok definitively.

The modern Thailandia began but with Rama IV , the King Mongkut, that it approached the Country the western standards of the age and tightened numerous agreements trades them with the western partners. The successive rise to the throne of its son Rama V Chulalongkorn carried to the definitive civilizzazione of the Thailandia: it came abolished the slavery, instituted a new legal code and numerous relationships were perfected trade them, political and military with the main western countries.

The monarchic regimen lasted until 1932 when a coup d'état imposed to the king one constitution and a parliament. Pridi Phanomyong, ispiratore of the movement, came but deprived of authority the soldiers, than they too much considered it of left and single in 1944 he it succeeded to return to the power.

Between 1958 years 1932 and succedettero very the seven coups d'état and six constitutions, than they did not make that to strengthen the military oligarchy to the power and fed the increase of the inner opposition that will culminate in the revolt of the students of October 1973 during which beyond 350 they were died and a thousand of the wounded.
Until years ' 90 other cruenti coups d'état are ollowed and the drawing up of new Constitutions, finchè in 1992 came definitively red-establish the democracy and induced free elections that carried to it puts into effect them definitive constitutional ordering.

Currently the Thailandia is one constitutional monarchy : from 1946 he is to the power the king Bhumibol of the Chakri dynasty and the soldiers, also maintaining a position privileged, have been place side by side to you from elect politicians democratically. The First Minister, currently Th. Chinnawat, is designated between the 500 members of the Sapha Phuthaen Ratsadon (Chamber of deputies). The members of these last, elect every 4 years, compose the National Assembly in union with the Senate.

Although in 1976 it has been put into effect an very big agrarian reform that interests the plain above all centers them, where greater are the sperequazioni, the greater part of thailandese population (60%) lives of an agriculture of pure subsistence based on the cultivation of the rice, the sugar cane and the maize. To important north of 17° the parallel resources are offered from the valuable wood (tek) and from the tobacco while in the Chautaburi, beside the typical production of the pepper , the breeding of bovines is flourishing and pork . More varied the economy of the peninsular region where, to the traditional cultivations of the rice and the sugar cane, the products of the peach are placed side by side.

The manifacturing industry , concentrated introno to the understood one them, contributes to constitute approximately the half of the total exports. Between the mining resources we remember the pond and the tungsten; considerable giacimenti of lignite and natural gases by far constitute good part of the energetic sources of the Country being inferior the production of the oil. The trade balance them is however generally $R-in.passivo and the losses are alone in part overwhelmed from the entrances deriving from the tourism.